2021年10月15日,新普京澳门娱乐场网站站app学术论坛2021年秋季学期第二讲(总第十讲)在物理西楼思源多功能厅成功举行。萨克雷大学教授、北京计算科学研究中心讲座教授、《物理评论快报》(Physical Review Letters)首席编辑(lead editor)Hugues Chaté应邀远程做了题为“二维活性物质的长程序”(Long-range orientational order in 2D active matter)的学术报告。本次论坛由物理学院凝聚态物理与材料物理研究所副所长全海涛教授主持。
统计物理中的Mermin-Wagner定理可以严格证明二维系统在平衡态下不存在自发连续对称性破缺导致的长程取向序。1995年,Vicsek模型及Toner-Tu理论则指出,具有连续对称性的自驱动粒子体系即使在二维情况下也能自发出现长程序。Chaté从活性物质物理领域的诞生讲起,着重介绍了活性物质中的Vicsek模型以及基于动力学重整化方法的Toner-Tu理论。首先,他结合大量图片与视频资料,用生动的语言介绍了各类活性物质及其基于对称性的分类。作为一种典型的非平衡物理系统,活性物质广泛存在于从微观到宏观的各个尺度,并且可以激发非常惊人的大尺度协同运动。他指出,在经历了长时间的研究探索后,气/液相分离图像是目前理解活性物质有序-无序转变区间一个比较好的物理框架。随后,他介绍了活性物质中的缺陷及其动力学行为,并针对活性物质分类相图的干性(dry)、对齐(aligning)、低密度(dilute)区间,阐述三种活性物质对应的Vicsek模型的数值模拟结果与基于Boltzmann-Ginzburg-Landau方案及Toner-Tu理论的计算结果;数值计算与理论结果证明,长程取向序广泛存于该区间,并就相关标度指数作了讨论。最后,他介绍了有关实验研究的最新进展,并期待新的实验结果能够验证相关理论预测与数值计算结果。
报告结束后,现场师生就理论方程的构造、活性物质哈密顿量存在性问题、非厄米物理及实验设计中的尺寸效应等话题踊跃提问,Chaté一一给予详细的解答,提出富有建设性的观点,并分享了新近开展的相关实验研究。
新普京澳门娱乐场网站站app党委书记杨金波教授为Hugues Chaté教授颁发了论坛专属纪念品,本期论坛线上、线下同步进行。物理学院副院长彭良友教授、院长助理李新征教授等和来自校内相关院系的近六十名师生参与现场交流,通过蔻享学术平台观看直播的观众近1200人次。
主讲人简介:
Hugues Chaté is a Research Director at French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) Paris-Saclay, a Chair Professor at Beijing Computational Science Research Center and the Lead Editor of Physical Review Letters. He obtained his Ph. D. in 1989 from Université Pierre & Marie Curie in Paris. After a short postdoctoral stay at Bell Laboratories, he joined the condensed matter physics department in Saclay. He was the leader of the Advanced Study Group “Statistical Physics of Collective Motion” at the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems in Dresden, Germany. He has been selected as The Recruitment Program of Global Experts, American Physical Society Fellow (2014). Hugues Chaté’s research covers a wide range of topics ranging from nonlinear dynamics to statistical physics and critical phenomena. He has played a seminal role in the development of the field of active matter, with key papers published on minimal models and their theoretical understanding as well as works in collaborations with leading experimentalists working on animal collective behavior, bacteria colonies, and in vitro mixtures of biofilaments and motor proteins. Hugues Chaté has written over 160 scientific papers, with about a third published in Physical Review Letters.